What Is Anxiety?

Anxiety is the body’s natural response to perceived stress or danger. It triggers the fight-or-flight response — an evolutionary mechanism that prepares us to face or avoid threats. In short bursts, this is healthy and functional. When it becomes chronic or disproportionate, however, it can develop into a diagnosable disorder that significantly affects daily life.

Anxiety disorders vary widely in their presentation. The most common include:

• Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) — persistent, wide-ranging worry about everyday concerns such as health, finances, and relationships
• Panic Disorder — recurring, sudden episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms such as chest tightness and shortness of breath
• Social Anxiety Disorder — an intense fear of social judgment or embarrassment that leads to avoidance of social situations
• Specific Phobias — strong, irrational fears triggered by particular objects or situations (e.g. heights, flying, enclosed spaces)
• Stress-Related Anxiety — anxiety arising directly from life circumstances such as work pressure, bereavement, or major change

If anxiety is affecting your ability to function, professional support is always recommended. A qualified practitioner can assess your symptoms and help determine the most appropriate course of care.

Recognising the Symptoms

Anxiety affects both the mind and the body. Symptoms differ from person to person, but common signs include:

Emotional and Cognitive Symptoms

• Persistent or excessive worry
• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
• Restlessness and irritability
• A sense of dread or impending doom

Physical Symptoms

• Rapid heartbeat or palpitations
• Muscle tension or aches
• Shortness of breath
• Sleep disturbances
• Digestive issues, headaches, or fatigue

When these symptoms persist over time, they can begin to affect workplace performance, personal relationships, and overall health. Early intervention is key.